Showing posts with label electrical engineering. Show all posts
Showing posts with label electrical engineering. Show all posts

2/23/2012

Digital Filters: Basics and Design Review

Digital Filters: Basics and Design
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The difficulty comes really as a by product of the sheer size of the knowledge base in this subject. There are now so many papers published on each of the chapter headings that perhaps most writing projects of this sort would end up in an interminable fog.
But there is an urgent need for such books, now that almost anyone can afford a DSP development kit, and you can create the most astonishing filters with characteristics that would be unimaginable some 20 years ago.
But you would need help, and attempting to cover the whole field of design techniques is very difficult in a short time. Mind you, this book is by far one of the best I have ever seen. For instance, it covers the design of elliptic filters, though not really in the depth that you would need to be SURE.. pp27-33 is all there is here. But nontheless, I like the fact the the discussion isn't superficial, and that the sn function is drawn really well, and so on, but I think that more examples are really needed, and especially more help with translating requirments into actual elliptic filters.
There is a section on filter architecture, and this is quite separate from the section on the various low pass approximations. Some terrible books recently have been written in such a way as to mix the two subjects, which is always an invitation to disaster.
The section of Wave Digital filters is admirable. The work by Fetweiss has proved to be much more important than was suspected at the time, and there is some evidence that knowledge of wave digital filters is becoming desirable knowledge for some prospective employers, at least in the UK and Europe...
The idea of covering limit cycles is a brave move, considering how complicated and unnerving this may be for beginners. This is done very well. Even better are the chapters on fixed point roundoff noise - so very important to those of us without floating point hardware to hand! This chapter is superb, and really goes a LONG way toward helping solve real problems. This was my favorite chapter of all.
There is one deficiency in the book, and that is in design techniques where the phase alone is to be prescribed. This is a little alarming. All-pass filters are not even mentioned in the index - this might also cover the Hilbert transform for instance. Another class of filter not described are those filters which produce a pair of outputs with a quadrature relationship between them.
Neither is the subject of filterbank design covered at all (aka perfect reconstruction, and all that). But that's rather specialised.
I can't help but admire the book, and would only gently recommend to use it with other books which are perhaps more dilute in some ways, but perhaps in certain specialised areas, more replete with examples. But otherwise, do get it, since it's very unlikely that you won't be pleasantly surprised and very much informed by it.

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It is the aim of this textbook to give insight into the characteristics and the design of digital filters. It briefly introduces to the theory of continuous-time systems and the the design methods for analog filters. Time-discrete systems, the basic structures of digital filters, sampling theorem, and the design of IIR filters are widely discussed. Important parts of the book are devoted to the design of non-recursive filters and the effects of finite register length. The explanation of techniques like oversampling and noise shaping conclude the book. It is completed by an annex containing a selection of tables of filter parameters for Butterworth, Chbeyshev, Cauer, and Bessel filters. Furthermore, several computer routines for filter design programs are given.

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2/06/2012

Discrete-Time Control Systems (2nd Edition) Review

Discrete-Time Control Systems (2nd Edition)
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Ogata does an excellent job of introducing the student to discrete-time control theory, including z-transforms, sampling theory, and simulation. Well-written.

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The new edition of this comprehensive digital controls book integrates MATLAB throughout the book.The book has also increased inflexibilityand reader friendliness through the streamlining of coverage in Chapters 6 & 7 (controllability, pole placement and observability, and optimalcontrol). The previous edition ISBN is: 0-13-216102-8.

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1/17/2012

Analog and Digital Filter Design, Second Edition (EDN Series for Design Engineers) Review

Analog and Digital Filter Design, Second Edition (EDN Series for Design Engineers)
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It is a nice, easy to read description of analog and digital filtering. Nevertheless, I think that the digital filtering chapters are not enough to explore the potentialities of digital filters and the book would benefit from more practical project examples.
On the overall, it is good for a first approach to filtering, but the reader might need something else for a deeper view of the topic.

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11/29/2011

Analog Circuits (World Class Designs) Review

Analog Circuits (World Class Designs)
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World class? Here's a review of some of the chapters: Review of Feedback systems....Basic Operation Amplifier Topologies....review of passive components and a case study in PC board layout, 4 chapters if you can believe it--on filter design, a chapter on noise....all of these represent basics, rudimentary material an EE grad should have mastered...and can hardly be considered world class. Some of the remaining chapters: How to Design Analog circuits without a computer....My approach to feedback design...Jim Williams "zoo circuit", while having their merits....can all be found in the "EDN series for
design engineers". And to publish Pease's notes on Vbe.....Pulease, Pease.... "What's all this vbe stuff" can be found online for free.
In summary, this text will help augment an undergraduate EE's education. It might be useful for non-hardware or digital designer types who have to stray out of their comfort zones, into the analog domain. But there is little in this text that actually world class. Williams Zoo circuit is the the only world class design. Everything else is either rudimentary, or a rip off of other previous published material.
I downgraded the text to 3 stars because the text is somewhat deceptive as to what it purports to be. It should be more appropriately titled: "Analog Circuits: Basics To Be Mastered". The authors are competent, and well known in the field, so it wasn't downgraded any further.

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Newnes has worked with Robert Pease, a leader in the field of analog design to select the very best design-specific material that we have to offer. The Newnes portfolio has always been know for its practical no nonsense approach and our design content is in keeping with that tradition. This material has been chosen based on its timeliness and timelessness. Designers will find inspiration between these covers highlighting basic design concepts that can be adapted to today's hottest technology as well as design material specific to what is happening in the field today. As an added bonus the editor of this reference tells you why this is important material to have on hand at all times. A library must for any design engineers in these fields. *Hand-picked content selected by analog design legend Robert Pease*Proven best design practices for op amps, feedback loops, and all types of filters*Case histories and design examples get you off and running on your current project

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11/25/2011

Introduction to Digital Filters: with Audio Applications Review

Introduction to Digital Filters: with Audio Applications
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I've got to hand it to two particular authors for bringing the subject of digital filters to musicians and the subject of music to engineers and computer scientists - Perry Cook and the author of this book, Julius O. Smith. Until recently only Mr. Cook's books have been in print. Mr. Smith's books have been purely in the online realm unless you are an actual student of his. Now two of his online publications are available for those of us interested in the practical details of musical signal processing. There is this book, of course, and also the excellent "Mathematics of the Discrete Fourier Transform".
I've already read the two books in print - and skimmed through the dozens more Mr. Smith has on his website. The online access gives you a good idea of whether or not you want to purchase these books, but to get access to the problem sets you need the print version of the book. For the low price compared to other signal processing books, believe me it's worth it. By working through both the math and the practical applications of filter design in processing audio, the author gives the reader a real intuition for the subject. You might want to have Oppenheim and Schafer's book on the subject, "Discrete Time Signal Processing", on hand for the rigorous mathematics part of signal processing. Keep this one on hand if you want to see signal processing in action and explained carefully. I find both books to be essential depending on what I'm doing. The following is a list of topics covered in the book:
The Simplest Lowpass Filter
Matlab Filter Analysis
Analysis of A Digital Comb Filter
Linear Time-Invariant FIlters
Time Domain Representations
Transfer Function Analysis
Frequency Response Analysis
Pole-Zero Analysis
Implementation Structures
Filters Preserving Phase
Minimum Phase Filters
Background Fundamentals
Elementary Audio Digital Filters
Allpass Filters
Laplace Transform Analysis
Analog Filters
Matrix Filter Representations
State Space Filters
Linear Time Varying Filters
Recursive Digital Filter Design
Matlab Utilities
Digital Filtering in Faust and Pure Data (PD)
To find Julius Smith's online publications just type "Julius O. Smith" into Google. That will take you to his homepage and from there you can easily find his many online publications, including most of this book.

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A digital filter can be pictured as a "black box" that accepts a sequence of numbers and emits a new sequence of numbers. In digital audio signal processing applications, such number sequences usually represent sounds. For example, digital filters are used to implement graphic equalizers and other digital audio effects.This book is a gentle introduction to digital filters, including mathematical theory, illustrative examples, some audio applications, and useful software starting points. The theory treatment begins at the high-school level, and covers fundamental concepts in linear systems theory and digital filter analysis. Various "small" digital filters are analyzed as examples, particularly those commonly used in audio applications. Matlab programming examples are emphasized for illustrating the use and development of digital filters in practice.

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